Cymbidium and Dendrobium orchids are two distinct genera within the Orchidaceae family. While they share some similarities as orchids, there are several key differences in their flowers and growth habits. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for orchid enthusiasts and growers.
Cymbidium Orchids
Characteristics
- Cymbidium orchids are known for their tall stems that can support many flowers, which have a more typical orchid shape.
- They have grassy leaves and readily form large clumps.
Care
- Cymbidiums are generally cool-flowering types, requiring a cooler winter period (nights in the 40s Fahrenheit for some time in the fall) to initiate flowering.
- Once the flowers open, they can last for up to two months or more, especially in a cool environment.
Dendrobium Orchids
Characteristics
- Dendrobium orchids are a massive genus containing over 900 species, ranging from cool-growing miniatures to huge specimen plants that thrive in hot conditions year-round.
- The most commonly found Dendrobium types are the phalaenopsis type (den-phals) and the nobile type.
Care
- Den-phal Dendrobiums are warm-growing year-round and can rebloom on old canes.
- Nobile Dendrobiums grow warm in the summer but require a cool winter period to induce flowering, needing temperatures in the 40s to low 50s Fahrenheit.
Key Differences
Flowers
- Cymbidium flowers are typically waxier and meatier than those of Dendrobiums.
- Dendrobiums have a nectar spur on the back of the flower, which is not present in Cymbidiums.
Growth Habits
- Cymbidiums form large clumps.
- Dendrobiums have pseudobulbs that resemble tall canes.
Plantation Technique and Care
Watering
- Both Cymbidium and Dendrobium orchids require careful watering.
- Water them once a week in the summer and once every 10-14 days in the winter, ensuring the potting media is not too wet or dry.
Fertilization
- Feed Cymbidiums and Dendrobiums with a balanced orchid fertilizer (20-20-20) once a month.
- Dilute the fertilizer to half the recommended strength to avoid burning the roots.
Sunlight
- Provide bright, indirect sunlight for both Cymbidium and Dendrobium orchids.
- Direct sunlight can cause the leaves to become scorched.
Potting
- Use a well-draining potting media, such as a mix of bark, sphagnum moss, and perlite, for both genera.
- Repot every 2-3 years as the potting media breaks down.
Troubleshooting Tips
Overwatering
- Check for root rot if the plant is not responding to watering.
- Remove dead roots and repot with fresh media.
Underwatering
- Increase watering frequency if the plant is showing signs of dehydration.
Expert Guides
- The American Orchid Society (AOS) provides detailed care sheets for various orchid genera, including Cymbidium and Dendrobium.
- Longwood Gardens offers guides on identifying and caring for different types of orchids, including Cymbidium and Dendrobium.
Contaminants and Chemicals
Pests
- Check for pests like mealybugs, spider mites, and scale.
- Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control infestations.
Fungal Diseases
- Treat fungal diseases with fungicides specifically designed for orchids.
- Ensure good air circulation and remove infected areas to prevent the spread of disease.
References
- https://www.reddit.com/r/orchids/comments/u0hrj3/are_these_dendrophal_hybrids/
- https://longwoodgardens.org/blog/2017-01-31/identifying-orchids
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=btdZad53bYU
- https://www.aos.org/orchid-care/orchid-care-and-culture-sheets
- http://www.orchidboard.com/community/beginner-discussion/94180-cymbidium-vs-dendrobium-flowers.html
In summary, while Cymbidium and Dendrobium orchids are both members of the Orchidaceae family, they exhibit distinct differences in their flower characteristics and growth habits. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for successful cultivation and appreciation of these two captivating orchid genera.